Which reaction occurs spontaneously

A reversible cyclic process for an ideal gas is shown below. Here, P, V, and T are pressure, volume and temperature, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters q, w, H and U are heat, work, enthalpy and internal energy, respectively.

The correct option s is are JEE Advanced Which one of the following equations does not correctly represent the first law of thermodynamics for the given processes involving an ideal gas? Assume non-expansion work is zero JEE Main Which of the following options is an intensive property of a system? Chemistry Most Viewed Questions. D Sulphuric acid. A Uzbekistan. B USA. C India.

D Kazakhstan. A Perchloryl fluoride. B Phosphorus pentafluoride. C Phosphine. D Phosgene. A JJ Thomson. B Niels Bohr. C Ernest Rutherford.

D Dmitri Mendeleev. A KNO3. B KCl. C KAl2O3. In a reversible reaction, one reaction direction may be favored over the other. Carbonic acid is present in carbonated beverages. It decomposes spontaneously to carbon dioxide and water according to the following reaction. The forward reaction is spontaneous because the products of the forward reaction are favored at equilibrium. In the reverse reaction, carbon dioxide and water are the reactants, and carbonic acid is the product.

The reverse of the above reaction is not spontaneous. This illustrates another important point about spontaneity.

Just because a reaction is not spontaneous does not mean that it does not occur at all. Rather, it means that the reactants will be favored over the products at equilibrium, even though some products may indeed form. Many chemical reactions and physical processes release energy that can be used to do other things. When the fuel in a car is burned, some of the released energy is used to power the vehicle. Free energy is energy that is available to do work. Spontaneous reactions release free energy as they proceed.

Recall that the determining factors for spontaneity of a reaction are the enthalpy and entropy changes that occur for the system. The free energy change of a reaction is a mathematical combination of the enthalpy change and the entropy change.

The change in Gibbs free energy is equal to the change in enthalpy minus the mathematical product of the change in entropy multiplied by the Kelvin temperature. Keep in mind that the temperature in the Gibbs free energy equation is the Kelvin temperature, so it can only have a positive value.